Location The Caribbean National Forest, locally known as El Yunque (the anvil), is located about an hour’s drive east of San Juan, Puerto Rico’s capital. Established in 1903 as the Luquillo Forest Reserve, El Yunque is the only tropical rain forest in the National Forest System. Relatively small at 28,000 acres, the forest’s highest elevations (about 3,500 feet above sea level) can receive more than 250 inches of rain per year.
The rains that continually drench the forest are the result of the moisture-laden trade winds traveling from Africa over the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. As the winds encounter the mountainous slopes of eastern Puerto Rico, they’re driven upward where the moisture condenses, forming raindrops that fall on the forest.
El Yunque is probably one of the most accessible tropical rain forests in the world. Its main road (PR 191) is paved and about eight miles long. The rain forest’s trailheads and other facilities (El Portal Rain Forest Center, snack bar, bathrooms, souvenir shop, picnic areas and parking lots) all can be reached from this road.